Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center have successfully eliminated over 90% of HSV-1 in preclinical models of oral and genital herpes. Additionally, their study demonstrated a significant decrease in viral shedding. These promising results were detailed in a recent publication in Nature Communications.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center have achieved a breakthrough in gene therapy for oral and genital herpes. In preclinical studies, their experimental treatment eliminated over 90% of HSV-1 infections and significantly reduced viral shedding, suggesting it could lower virus transmission. These findings were published on May 13 in Nature Communications.
How It Works: The therapy involves injecting a gene-editing mixture into the bloodstream, which includes modified viruses (vectors) and meganuclease enzymes. These enzymes act as molecular scissors, targeting and cutting the herpes virus’s DNA within nerve cells. This damages or removes the virus, preventing it from replicating.
Key Achievements:
- High Efficacy: Eliminated 90% of HSV-1 in mouse models of oral herpes and 97% in genital herpes within a month.
- Reduced Viral Shedding: Lowered both the frequency and amount of virus released, potentially decreasing transmission.
- Improved Safety: The latest approach uses a single vector and meganuclease, making the treatment safer and easier to produce with fewer side effects.
Expert Insights: Dr. Keith Jerome, Professor at Fred Hutch, stated, “Our aim is to cure people of this infection, so they don’t have to worry about outbreaks or transmitting it to others.” Martine Aubert, PhD, explained, “SPLICER damages the virus so it can’t repair itself, allowing the body to eliminate it.”
Future Steps: The team is preparing for clinical trials, ensuring the therapy’s safety and effectiveness in humans. They are also adapting the technology to target HSV-2 infections. Collaboration with federal regulators and herpes advocates is underway to support the transition to human treatments.
Impact: Herpes simplex virus affects billions worldwide, with current treatments only managing symptoms. This gene therapy offers hope for a permanent cure, potentially transforming the lives of those affected by HSV-1 and HSV-2.
Funding and Support: The research was funded by the National Institutes of Health, the Caladan Foundation, and over 2,000 individual donors. Fred Hutch and its scientists may benefit financially from future developments.